Sandbox for Proposed Challenges

Question

This "sandbox" is a place where Code Golf users can get feedback on prospective challenges they wish to post to main. This is useful because writing a clear and fully specified challenge on your first try can be difficult, and there is a much better chance of your challenge being well received if you post it in the sandbox first.

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Answer 1

I want 8 bits for every character!

Answer 2

Convert Klingon romanization to pIqaD code-golf

---

Context

Klingon is a constructed language from Star Trek. It has two writing systems: a not-very-good Latin alphabet (with case distinctions, I being different from l, ...) and its own script, called pIqaD.

Task

Convert the bad^{[disputed - discuss]} Klingon romanization into pIqaD. Here's a CSV (the pIqaD [or, if you don't have a font for it, boxes or nothing] is in the second column and the Unicode hexadecimal codes are in the third):

a,,f8d0
b,,f8d1
ch,,f8d2
D,,f8d3
e,,f8d4
gh,,f8d5
H,,f8d6
I,,f8d7
j,,f8d8
l,,f8d9
m,,f8da
n,,f8db
ng,,f8dc
o,,f8dd
p,,f8de
q,,f8df
Q,,f8e0
r,,f8e1
S,,f8e2
t,,f8e3
tlh,,f8e4
u,,f8e5
v,,f8e6
w,,f8e7
y,,f8e8
',,f8e9

Be careful not to mix up q and Q, they are different letters in Klingon!

Input and output

Strings! or your language's equivalent. You can assume that the input contains no characters not in Klingon (incl. miscapitalized dhis) or numbers or punctuation.

Scoring

Lowest byte count wins, as always.

---

suggestions? :)

Answer 3

Generate Fibonacci Primes Quickly

Unsurprisingly, fibonacci primes are primes that are also Fibonacci numbers. There are currently 34 known Fibonacci primes and an additional 15 probable Fibonacci primes. For the purpose of this challenge, the Fibonacci numbers are the sequence \$F_n\$ defined as \$F_1 = 1\$, \$F_2 = 1\$, and \$F_n = F_{n-1} + F_{n-2}\$, and a number is considered prime if it passes a probabilistic prime test with a probability of being incorrect of less than \$2^{-32}\$. For example, since a \$k\$ round Miller-Rabin test has an error probability of \$4^{-k}\$, a 16 round Miller-Rabin test is sufficient to prove primality for the purpose of this challenge.

Submissions:

The goal of this challenge is to write a full program that calculates every Fibonacci prime and its index in the Fibonacci series as fast as possible.

Submissions shall be a full program, complete with instructions for building and running it. Submissions must be in a language freely available for noncommercial use and capable of running on Windows 10, and users must be prepared to provide installation instructions for that language. External libraries are permitted, with the same caveats that apply to languages.

Primes will be output by writing to stdout with a simple binary format, that has a little-endian byte order:

[8 bytes- index into the Fibonacci series]
[8 bytes- length of the Fibonacci prime, in bytes]
[? bytes- the Fibonacci prime, as a byte array]

Scoring

The programs will be run on an Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8365U CPU with 8 threads, avx-2 support, and 24 Gigabytes of ram. The largest prime that can be correctly reached in one minute wins. Tiebreaker is the time taken to reach the largest value. Programs that tamper with my computer or the testing program will be disqualified. Programs that error or otherwise fail to produce the correct output will be judged based on the furthest Fibonacci prime reached before they failed.

see also: A005478, A001605

The test program can be found here. Additionally, there is an example program here.

Meta

The test program is now completed and posted, but I still have a little documentation to write. I chose the output format to be simple, and so that answers wouldn't have to worry about formatting integers quickly. Is there anything I need to improve clarity-wise?

tags: primes fibonnacci fastest-code

Answer 4

Fill the rectangle

Answer 5

`lol` is an ambigram, `dad` isn't

Answer 6

How much more to a repdigit?

Answer 7

Answer 8

Enumerate all pure sets

Answer 9

Is it a heapable sequence?

Answer 10

Find the walls!

Answer 11

Interpret BigTalk

Talk is a language which takes a single bit of input and has four commands:

• 00 If the accumulator is 0, set the accumulator to 0.
• 01 If the accumulator is 0, set the accumulator to 1.
• 10 If the accumulator is 1, set the accumulator to 0.
• 11 If the accumulator is 1, set the accumulator to 1.

These can be interpreted as replacement commands. We're going to extend that concept to positive integers, and make the language more complicated.

The language we're going to be defining is called BigTalk. It has an accumulator, which is a list of positive integers, initially set to only the input.

Programs are a series of commands. Each command is a pair of lists of integers, like ([24, 2], [32, 1]), and means to replace the first as a sequence with the second, as many times as it occurs.

The program runs repeatedly until the accumulator does not change. Finally, the accumulator is output.

For example, with the input [5, 5, 5, 5] and the program ([5, 5], [3, 2, 1]), ([3], [5]), ([2, 1, 5], [5, 1, 2]), the list goes:

[5, 5, 5, 5]
[3, 2, 1, 3, 2, 1]
[5, 2, 1, 5, 2, 1]
[5, 5, 1, 2, 2, 1]
[3, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1]
[5, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1]

Your challenge is to interpret this language. You may take input and program in any reasonable format.

This is code-golf, shortest wins!

Testcases

In the format of input, commands.

[5, 5, 5, 5], ([5, 5], [3, 2, 1]), ([3], [5]), ([2, 1, 5], [5, 1, 2]) -> [5, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1]
[4], ([4], [4, 4]) -> Infinite loop
[2, 19, 13], ([13, 19], [2]) -> [2, 19, 13]
[39, 1, 23], ([1], [39, 23]), ([39, 39], [1, 1]), ([23, 23], [1]) -> [39, 23, 39, 23, 39, 23]

This language may be Turing-complete, and I have a +50 bounty for someone who proves it either way.

Answer 12

How far from binary?

Answer 13

Parse this handy graph format

code-golf parsing graph-theory

There's a great number of ways to represent directed graphs like the following:

Most representations are tailored towards being easy to work with, either for humans (like the picture above) or for computers (like an adjacency matrix representation). A middle ground I found useful in the past is this format:

        A -> B <-> C                A -> B -> C -> A           A -> C -> D; B <-> C <-> E

It is basically a condensed edge list, which is still relatively close to a graphical representation (good for humans) but not too hard to parse for a computer.

The goal in this challenge is to take a string representing a graph in this format as input and output a list of the graph's nodes and a list of the graph's edges.

This is code-golf, so try to use as few bytes as possible in the language of your choice.

Input specification

• Each node has a unique name consisting of alphabetical letters, for example A, b, or Node. It is also fine if you only support upper or lower case names.
• Three types of arrows can appear: ->, <-, and <->.
• A chain is formed by a sequence starting with node and then alternating between arrows and nodes, for example A -> B <- C or also just A.
• A chain may be followed by another chain with ; as a separator in between.
• Between node names and the arrows and the semicolon can be any number of spaces (including zero).
• Self-loops are possible, i.e., A -> A describes an arrow from node A to itself.
• You may assume the input string is a valid encoding of a graph.

Output specification

• The list of nodes can be returned or printed in any reasonable format and order, e.g., A, B, C, ["A", "B", "C"], A\nB\nC, ...
• Edges are represented as ordered tuples in any reasonable format, e.g., ("A", "B") or A B for the edge A -> B and ("D", "C") or D C for the edge C <- D.
• The list of directed edges can again be output in any reasonable format.

Test cases

"A -> B <-> C"               : ["A", "B", "C"], [("A", "B"), ("B", "C"), ("C", "B")]
"A -> B -> C -> A"           : ["A", "B", "C"], [("A", "B"), ("B", "C"), ("C", "A")]
"A -> C -> D; B <-> C <-> E" : ["A", "B", "C", "D", "E"], [("A", "C"), ("C", "D"), ("B", "C"), ("C", "B"), ("C", "E"), ("E", "C")]
"AA<->BB"                    : ["AA", "BB"], [("AA", "BB"), ("BB", "AA")]
"A;B"                        : ["A", "B"], []
" "                          : [], []
"   A   <- B  ;  C  "        : ["A", "B", "C"], [("B", "A")]
"A -> A; B <- B"             : ["A", "B"], [("A", "A"), ("B", "B")]

---

Sandbox question:

Given that this is foremost a parsing question, I'm tempted to drop the validity assumption and require answers to raise an error if the input does not follow the spec. What do you think, would that still be fun?

Answer 14

Flood fill by distance

Answer 15

Nest some addition

• There's a natural follow-up with the other possible addition operator, where the order of application is reversed, i.e. \$\operatorname{add2}\overparen{\underparen a}\overparen{\underparen b} f=\left(\overparen{\underparen b} f\right)\circ\left(\overparen{\underparen a} f\right)\$.

Answer 16

Is this a squashed series? code-golf string parsing number decision-problem

Given a string of digits, determine whether it is the concatenation of at least two ascending consecutive integers. (in decimal, with no leading zeroes)

For example, the string 7891011 is valid, because it's the concatenation of the sequence [7, 8, 9, 10, 11].

However, the string 54 could only be formed by concatenating [5, 4] (which is not ascending), or [54] (which does not have at least two numbers in it), so it is not valid.

(This challenge is essentially asking "Is it a valid input to Decipher a squashed series")

You should output using two distinct values of your choice to represent "valid" and "not valid".

Take care with leading zeroes: for example, 809 is not valid, even though it could be decomposed into [8, 09], because 09 is not a valid decimal integer.

You may assume the input does not start with a 0, and has a length of at least 2. The input will also only contain digits (and not -, so you don't need to handle negative numbers).

This is code-golf, so the shortest code in bytes wins.

Test cases

Valid

1234
7891011
293031323334
9991000

Invalid

54
66
28
3131
809

Valid numbers are given by A035333 in the OEIS.

Meta

• Is this interesting enough? (It was just a byproduct of Decipher a squashed series)
• Is my handling of the 809 case good? Or should I allow either output for inputs like that?

Answer 17

Is it shuffled FizzBuzz?

Answer 18

Decompress a Sparse Matrix (WIP)

The dual of this challenge.

Decompress a sparse matrix reversing the method here Compressed sparse row (CSR, CRS or Yale format).

There will be 4 inputs, either as separate variables or as a list of lists:

• V, a list of the nonzero elements of the matrix in row-major form. This is of length NNZ (the number of nonzero elements in the original matrix)
• NCOLS - the number of columns in the original matrix.
• IA - a list that yields the number of nonzero elements in each row in the following way: IA[0] = 0, IA[i] = IA[i - 1] + <number of nonzero elements in row i>. The number of nonzero elements in row i is IA[i + 1] - IA[i].
• JA - a list of the column indices of the elements in V, also of length NNZ. (zero-indexed)

Input will be a list of 3 lists and the number of columns in the original matrix, e.g. either

[
  [5, 8, 3, 6],
  [0, 0, 2, 3, 4],
  [0, 1, 2, 1],
  [4]
]

Or

V = [5, 8, 3, 6]
IA = [0, 0, 2, 3, 4]
JA = [0, 1, 2, 1]
NCOLS = 4

Output will be a decompressed matrix/list of lists:

[[0 0 0 0],
 [5 8 0 0],
 [0 0 3 0],
 [0 6 0 0]]

If your language doesn't support actual data structures, input and output may be text.

Process

1. Create a 'matrix' of row width NCOLS.
2. Populate the ith matrix row with N values from V if the corresponding array index (i + 1) of IA is non-zero, where N is the ith element of IA starting at the ith element of JA.
3. repeat until V is empty
   i.e. above for the 0th matrix row IA[1] = 0, so this row has NCOLS=4 zeroes in it's first row. Then for matrix row 1, IA[2]=2 it takes 2 values from V starting at JA[1]=0. For matrix row 2, IA[3]=3 and IA[2]=2 so it takes the next (3 - 2 = 1) elements from V, starting at JA[2]=2. For matrix row 4 IA[4]=4 and IA[3]=3 so it takes the next (4 - 3 = 1) elements from V, starting at JA[3]=1.

Test cases

Input 1:

[ 5, 8, 3, 6 ]
[ 0, 0, 2, 3, 4 ]
[ 0, 1, 2, 1 ]
4

Output 1:

[[0 0 0 0],
 [5 8 0 0],
 [0 0 3 0],
 [0 6 0 0]]

Input 2

[ 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 ]
[  0  2  4  7  8 ]
[  0  1  1  3  2  3  4  5 ]
6

Output 2:

[[10 20 0 0 0 0],
 [0 30 0 40 0 0],
 [0 0 50 60 70 0],
 [0 0 0 0 0 80]]

Input 3:

[ ]
[ 0 0 0 0 ]
[ ]
3

Output 3:

[[0 0 0],
 [0 0 0],
 [0 0 0]]

Input 4:

[ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ]
[ 0 3 6 9 ]
[ 0 1 2 0 1 2 0 1 2 ]
3

Output 4:

[[1 1 1],
 [1 1 1],
 [1 1 1]]

Input 5:

[ 5, -9, 0.3, -400 ]
[ 0, 0, 2, 3, 4 ]
[ 0, 1, 2, 1, ]
4

Output 5:

[[0 0 0 0],
 [5 -9 0 0],
 [0 0 0.3 0],
 [0 -400 0 0]]

Assume inputs may contain any real number, you need not consider mathematical symbols or exponential representation (e.g. 5,000 will never be entered as 5e3). You will not need to handle inf, -inf, NaN or any other 'pseudo-numbers'. You may output a different representation of the number (5,000 may be output as 5e3 if you so choose).

Scoring

This is a code-golf, fewest bytes wins.

Answer 19

Round it up Nicely

code-golfnumber

When I work out, I often don't have a good plan for how many times to repeat an exercise, but in the interest of pushing myself I always keep going until I've done a "nice" number. Multiples of 5 are ideal, but multiples of 4 are acceptable too--unless they're 1 less than a multiple of 5, in which case I may as well do one more, or they're 1 more than a multiple of 5, in which case why didn't I already stop?

The challenge

Given an integer \$n\$ and a descending, pairwise coprime list of integers \$k_1, k_2, ..., k_m\$, output the least integer \$x \geq n\$ which is a multiple of some \$k_i\$ but is not 1 more or less than any multiple of any \$k_j\$ with \$j<i\$.

Test cases

n    k[1]...k[m]                        result
1    [5, 4]                             5
15   [5, 4]                             15
12   [5, 4]                             12
16   [5, 4]                             20
7    [5, 4]                             8
996  [5, 4]                             1000
1    [11, 7]                            7
15   [11, 7]                            22
133  [11, 7]                            140
1    [5, 3, 2]                          3
6    [5, 3, 2]                          10
6    [5, 3]                             10
11   [5, 3, 2]                          12
1    [100, 49, 9]                       9

Sandbox

• Would it be more interesting without the descending/coprime guarantees?
• Test cases are a WIP, but any additional suggestions?
• Better title?
• [How] should I note that the 1-above exclusion only matters if it would exclude the input itself? Should the task not be "rounding up" to make it more relevant?

Answer 20

Draw the Progress Pride flag

Answer 21

Draw this fractal generated by applying Newton's method to cosh(x) - 1

Answer 22

Implement Binary Exponentiation

Answer 23

Is it an ordinal?

Answer 24

Draw the USA flag

Answer 25

Convert from Greeklish to modern Greek

Answer 26

Solve a Card Suit Puzzle

Answer 27

Every possible pairing

Answer 28

Infinite Fibonacci word code-golf sequence fibonacci string

The famous Fibonacci sequence of integers is defined as follows:

\$ F_0 = 0 \\ F_1 = 1 \\ F_n = F_{n-1} + F_{n-2} \$

But what if we use this same recurrence relation to produce an infinite sequence of strings? Instead of addition, we'll use concatenation. We'll also change the base case slightly:

\$ F_0 = \$ 0
\$ F_1 = \$ 01
\$ F_n = F_{n-1}F_{n-2} \$

The first few strings are:

0
01
010
01001
01001010
0100101001001
...

Each of these "words" is a prefix of the next, so they are all prefixes of the single infinite word \$ F_\infty = \$

010010100100101001010010010100100101001010010010100101001001010010010100101001001010010010100101001...

Your task is to output this infinite string as a sequence; you may choose to use any two distinct values to use for 0 and 1.

As with standard sequence challenges, you may choose to either:

• Take an input \$ n \$ and output the \$ n \$th item in the sequence
• Take an input \$ n \$ and output the first \$ n \$ item
• Output the sequence indefinitely, e.g. using a generator

and you may use 0-based or 1-based indexing for \$ n \$.

This string can be defined in many different ways; its OEIS entry A003849 and Wikipedia page have more information.

Errors due to floating-point imprecision are not allowed.

This is code-golf, so the shortest code in bytes wins.

Answer 29

Add parentheses to Polish notation

Answer 30

Change The Quotations as if in Microsoft Word

META: Posted