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program may print: 42 i. e. the program is effectively doing a writeLn(output, 42:11) The :11 indicates the minimum number of characters the argument occupies (for numeric arguments, for char, string …

Numerical input and output can be given as a string of digits and vice-versa As long as the input/output format is consistent, you may take a numerical output such as f(123) as a string f("123") and vice-versa … You may not add leading zeroes if you are using string input instead of a number. …

Submissions may use list of strings instead of multi-line strings Input or output may be the equivalent of the string separated by newlines. … For example, the multiline string: 1 2 Fizz 4 Buzz May be instead be taken as a list of strings like: ["1","2","Fizz","4","Buzz"] …

Programs may combine two or more input methods For example, if the inputs are a string and an int, a function that takes a string as an argument and an int from STDIN would be valid. …

If a program is supposed to take a whole number as input, it may accept the number as a unary string. …

specified memory location If there are no I/O devices available, an answer might consist of a subroutine that reads its input values from some specified memory location (e.g. read a zero-terminated string …

For example, let's say you can assume the string input will match ^[1457]+$, which is a subset of ^[0-9]*$. Then, '1775' can also be input as [1, 7, 7, 5]. … However, for a counterexample, let's assume the string input will match ^[a0-8]{2,15}$, which isn't a subset of ^[0-9]*$. …

Answers may in some cases prefer using string tools on arrays, as long as the array will never have values over 255 taking input as a string then using functions like .replace() and .split() would be valid …

/tmp/bar NB: This rule is not applicable if the executable file name has to be a certain string to fulfill the programming challenge’s specifications at hand. …

To overcome this, answers may accept such information as additional input in a minimally processed format (eg: unix timestamp instead of a date string, a single random value instead of a random generator …

A natural number may be represented as a collection of n empty collections, and a string as a collection of such numbers In languages that do not have numbers or strings but do have lists, stacks, or other …

To be clear, this is how the process works with Ans: Within a program, type the input (number, list, string, etc.), followed by a newline to separate statements, followed by the program name, then press …

For example, say there is a language where output is stored in an output string variable, and automatically displayed when the program finishes execution. …

Full programs may take array/string input (of unknown length) via stdin in the form of <length> <contents> or <contents> <sentinel> EOF handling is a common problem in many languages, not just esolangs …