Language of the Month for March 2022: PARI/GP

Question

In accordance with our meta agreement, since one candidate received more votes than the others, we have a new featured language! Throughout March 2022, our Language of the Month will be:

PARI/GP

What's a Language of the Month?

See the meta post for nominations. In short, during March , those who wish to participate should learn (at least the basics of) PARI/GP, and use it to solve challenges. Participation is completely optional, but is anticipated to be fun!

Information about PARI/GP

PARI/GP is a CAS (Computer Algebra System) designed for number theory. It consists of two parts: PARI is a C library, GP is an interactive shell and a scripting language. Even if you are not familiar with algebraic number theory, GP is still a powerful language for golfing math problems.

Reasons

• Intuitive syntax and good documentations. Easy to learn.
• Built-in types for vectors, matrices, polynomials, power series, and many other math objects.
• Lots of built-ins, especially for number theory, but also for linear algebra, polynomials, and other branches of algebra.
• Single byte operator # for length (of vectors, matrices, strings, etc.).
• Many OEIS pages have a PARI/GP program for the sequence.

Caveats

• Not so many built-ins outside of math. On the other hand, this force you to think out of the box, for example, using polynomials to solve array challenges.
• Very limited array programming. You can add two vector or multiply a vector by a scalar, but there is no built-in to do element-wise multiplication.
• You need to know some math to master the language.
• The version on TIO is somewhat out of date.

Resources

• Official website
• Tutorial
• TIO
• ATO
• Run PARI/GP in your browser
• Golfing tips
• Reference card for 2.13.3 (the newest version)
• Reference card for 2.11.1 (the version on TIO)

Bounties

I (alephalpha) will be offering a +50 rep bounty to any user's first PARI/GP answer during this month, and +200 to any user's tenth PARI/GP answer during this month. This includes using the GP scripting language, or using the PARI lib in a C/C++ answer.

Answer 1

List of all PARI/GP answers posted in March 2022

(first-time posters in bold)

• Find the Factorial! by Ginger Industries

• Draw a battery indicator by ophact

• Draw an ASCII grid by emanresu A

• Complex permutation by PyGamer0

• Output a random unary string by DLosc

• Codegolf the Hafnian by alephalpha

• Calculate a square and a square root! by oeuf

• Fill in the next numbers by alephalpha

• Is it irrational? by alephalpha

• Zip uneven lists by alephalpha

• Randomly Rounding by jezza_99

• Sort numbers in a ragged list by alephalpha

• Recursively rotate a ragged list by alephalpha

• Recreate Minecraft's lighting by alephalpha

• The interstice of two binary numbers by alephalpha

• Expand a matrix goo-ily by alephalpha

• Convert from variable-width Two's Complement to Integer by Joe Slater

• Remove unmatched brackets by alephalpha

• Removed J-brackets by alephalpha

• Find the J twin by alephalpha

• add entries in the form:

  [<challenge title>](https://codegolf.stackexchange.com/a/<answer-ID>) by [username](https://codegolf.stackexchange.com/users/<user-ID>)
  

List of relevant tips posted in March 2022

• add entries in the form:

  [<tip summary>](https://codegolf.stackexchange.com/a/<answer-ID>) by [username](https://codegolf.stackexchange.com/users/<user-ID>)
  

List of relevant challenges posted in March 2022

• add entries in the form:

  [<challenge title>](https://codegolf.stackexchange.com/a/<answer-ID>) by [username](https://codegolf.stackexchange.com/users/<user-ID>)